23^rd International Conference on Pharmaceutical Biotechnology December 10-11, 2018 Rome, Italy

Sylwia Jarzynka, together with a team of scientists from the Medical Biology Department in cooperation with the Jena University Hospital, Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control are involved in the study of antimicrobial biotic and abiotic factors. Special achievements of the researchers concern the inhibition of bacterial biofilm with the use of equal biomaterials, which are potential carriers of antimicrobial agents.

Statement of the Problem: Due to its unique composition, human milk is an excellent source of nutrients and also many bioactive ingredients, which have as a potential healthy effect. Oligosaccharides (HMOs, Human Milk Oligosaccharides) is the main group with potential biocidal using, especially of medical procedures. Due to the concentration of the components of human milk, oligosaccharides, in addition to lactose and fats, are the third component. Due to their bioactivity, we hypothesised that HMOS exhibit an antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of human pathogenic bacteria. A systematic investigation of the antimicrobial spectrum of polled or individual HMOS has not been performed for bacterial biofilm structure. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Clinical isolates and reference strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, MRSA, Burkholderia cepacia and Acinetobacter baumanii were used in this study. Human milk was obtained from nine healthy donors from Human Milk Bank in Warsaw Poland. Milk samples were pooled, next in the skimming milk proteins were precipitated. Carbohydrates with oligosaccharides fraction were then lyophilized. In the quantitative analysis of the biofilm we done determination of the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), determination of colony forming units in the planktonic phase and of the minimal biofilm eradicated concentration (MBEC). Live/dead staining of the biofilms and CLSM image acquisition were used. Conclusion & Significance: In our preliminary work, we could show that the human milk saccharide fraction exhibit moderately activity against some planktonic bacteria species (e.g. clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and MRSA) and inhibit biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. HMOS showed a biofilm eradicating effect on most tested pathogens. Oligosaccharides may potentially constitute a new medicinal product of natural origin, used in the prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and COPD.

Nowadays organic dye materials are receiving more interest in solar cell due to improved solution process ability, scalable synthesis, tunable chemical and physical properties via molecular design and low cost. However, the compatibility and aggregation of squaraine dye limited broad application. In this study, we designed a system contend of octavinyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane OV-POSS which used to solve these problems. These is the first time designed a novel hybrids large broad absorption visible to near infrared transient absorption spectroscopy, prepared by OV-POSS with 6-Bromoquanaldine and squaric acid (semisquaraine (SSQ) squaraine (SQ)) H2 their light properties a broad spectral coverage in a big region from 400 to 800 nm. Our systems were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy FTIR, 1HNMR, UV-Vis-Spectra, Water contact angle images and FE-SEM properties, and when a combination our system dyes with N719 as co-sensitization in photovoltaic performance using Ti foil-based solar cell DSSC. It showed highest properties a power conversion efficiency of 7.73%, with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 18.48 mA/cm2 , an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.73 V and a fill factor of 46.22% under the AM 1.5G illumination with an intensity of 100 mW/cm2 from a solar simulator hence exhibited good performance in solar cell application.

Nisha Zahid has completed her Bachelor degree in Dental Surgery and currently, she is pursuing her MPhil in Pharmacology from a reputed institute Ziauddin University of Karachi, Pakistan. She has done with her course work and presently, she is doing her research which is on statins.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin on the bone formation and resorption markers in ovariectomized rats (experimental study), and to study its effect on the bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women (clinical study). Materials & Methods: The study involved experimental and clinical aspects. In the experimental aspect, 42 female Wistar rats were divided into five groups: group I - sham-operated, group II - 1 mL of carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] was administered orally, group III - 20 mg/kg orally of atorvastatin was administered, group IV - Untreated ovariectomized [OVX] rats and served as a model of osteoporosis [OP] and group V - 20 mg/kg orally of atorvastatin was administered to ovariectomized rats. After four weeks, serum acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, total calcium and inorganic phosphorus were assessed. Then, 3 μm thickness lumbar and femur sections were examined to assess cortical thickness, trabecular area, numbers of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In the clinical aspect, 85 post-menopausal osteoporotic females with recently detected hyperlipidemia participated in the study. Atorvastatin 40 mg/day, calcium carbonate 500 mg/day and vitamin D 800 IU were given to all patients for a period of 18 months. BMD was measured at the start and at the end of the study by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Results: In the experiment aspect, the biomarkers of bone remodeling were notably elevated in the OVX group. Whereas atorvastatin produced a significant decrease in the level of these bone metabolic markers and significantly ameliorates osteoporotic changes induced by ovariectomy. In the clinical aspect, after 18 months the DEXA showed improvement in the T-score, statistically significant only in the femoral neck area. Conclusion: Atorvastatin was able to decrease the rate of bone metabolism and increase osteogenic activity. It has dual mode of action both anabolic and antiresorptive effect on bone. This lipophilic statin member may act as a double weapon drug.